| ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ | ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠣ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠨᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠯᠠᠮᠨ | ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠣᠯᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠣᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠣ᠂ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ | ᠭᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠰᠣᠮᠣ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠣ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ | ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠦᠪᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠳ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠳ ᠯᠠᠮᠨ | ᠭᠡᠷᠭᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ ᠯᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠ᠃ | ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠣᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠱᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠣᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠮᠯᠡᠵᠤ | ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠲᠡᠮᠴᠦᠭᠳᠣᠩᠷᠣᠪ ᠪᠢᠯᠨ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠨ ᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯᠳᠦ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠳᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ | ᠰᠣᠮᠣ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠭᠡᠣᠭᠡᠳ ᠢ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ | ᠰᠣᠷᠴᠣ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠳᠦᠯᠣᠨ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠣᠨ | ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠣᠳ ᠢ | ᠪᠠᠯᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠣᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠰᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦᠣ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠬᠦ | ᠠᠪᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠶᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠨ ︵1914 ᠣᠨ︶ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ | ᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ | ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠬᠦᠯᠣ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ︽ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠣᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠠ | ᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠨ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠰᠣᠮᠣ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ ᠰᠣᠷᠣᠭᠴᠢ ᠢᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠ᠃ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠨ | ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 18 ᠵᠢᠩ ᠢᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ᠂ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠥᠭᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠢᠯᠨ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠣᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠨ᠃ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠰᠪᠡᠯ | ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ | ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠰᠪᠡᠯ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ | ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠣᠷᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠢ ᠰᠢᠭ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠮᠥᠩᠬᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠣ ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠢ ︽ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯᠳᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ︾ | ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠣ ᠰᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠯᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠣᠷᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠣ᠋ ᠪᠣᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨ᠋ᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠣ | ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠰᠣᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠩᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷ᠂ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠣᠷ᠂ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠯᠨ ᠣᠮᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ | ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠣᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠣᠳᠨᠠᠮᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠶᠠᠨᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠣᠷ᠂ | ᠽᠠᠶᠢᠫᠣᠩᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠯᠣᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠢᠰᠣᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠣᠨ ︵1920 ᠣᠨ︶ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠨ | ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ — ᠬᠦᠯᠣ ᠬᠦᠭᠡ᠂ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠦᠯᠣ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠷᠡ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠣᠨ | ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨᠱᠧᠩ | ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠯᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ︽ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯᠳᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ︾ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠨ | ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︽ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠯᠣᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ | ᠪᠥᠯᠥᠭ︾᠂ ︽ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭᠳᠦ ᠨᠣᠮ︾᠂ ︽ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ︾᠂ ︽ᠲᠠᠪᠣᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ︾ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠢ | ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1930 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠭᠡᠯᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ︾ ︵ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ︶᠂ ︽ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠯᠨ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠠ ᠮᠥᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠪᠭᠡᠨ | ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠯᠰᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠭᠡᠣᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠴᠣ᠋ ᠡᠯᠰᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠣᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠨ ︵1916 ᠣᠨ︶ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠣᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠠ ︽ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ | ᠮᠣᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠨᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠳᠠᠮ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠣᠯ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ | ᠲᠦᠷᠣᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠢᠰᠣᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠣᠨ ᠤ | ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠰᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨ᠋ᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ | ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠨᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠨᠥᠯᠣᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠰ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠶᠣᠨᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ᠌᠂ | ᠷᠢᠭ᠍ᠵᠢᠨᠱᠣᠩᠨᠣ᠂ ᠨᠢᠮᠬᠤᠳᠽᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠣᠷᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠩᠷᠣᠩ᠂ ᠫᠣᠩᠰᠣᠭᠷᠢᠨᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠰ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠴᠣ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ | 1929 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠣᠭ᠋ᠧᠴᠢᠷ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠣᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠣᠶᠣᠨᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ᠌ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠣᠶᠣᠨᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ᠌ | ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠣ᠂ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠣᠯᠬᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠭᠡᠯᠨ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠢᠩᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠰ ᠲᠤ ︽ᠣᠶᠣᠨᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ᠌ ᠤᠨ | ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠨ᠃ | 1942 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠲᠤᠷᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠩᠷᠣᠩ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ 1945 ᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠠ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠪᠠ | ᠃ ᠡᠨ᠋ᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠠᠪ᠂ ᠯᠾᠠᠮᠣᠵᠠᠪ᠂ ᠲᠠᠰᠢᠴᠢᠷᠢᠨ᠂ ᠵᠣᠮᠴᠣᠣ᠂ ᠣᠶᠣᠨᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠠᠮᠪᠠ᠂ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠨᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ᠂ | ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠰ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1930 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠵᠣᠳᠪᠠᠵᠠᠪ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠥᠯᠥᠭ ᠰᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠰ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠳ ᠵᠦᠪᠳᠡᠯᠴᠡᠨ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠣᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠢ | ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠣᠳᠡᠨ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠷᠣ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠣᠭᠡ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ︽ | ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠰᠣᠪᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠣᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ︾ ᠤᠨ ︽ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠬᠦᠨ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ︾ | ᠲᠡᠮᠴᠦᠭᠳᠣᠩᠷᠣᠪ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠣᠨ ᠵᠦᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠳ 1936 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠣᠳ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠡᠣᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠭᠳᠦ ᠨᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠣ — ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ | ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠣᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ︽ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠣᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯᠳᠦ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ | ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ︽ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ 1936 — 1945 ᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠶᠢᠰᠣᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ | ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ | ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠨ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠰᠭᠡᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠬᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠳᠡᠭ | ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ︽ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠣ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ︾ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠣ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠣᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ | ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠴᠣᠩᠭᠠ᠂ ᠬᠠᠩᠬᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠮᠪᠣᠵᠠᠪ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ ᠴᠣᠯᠭᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ | ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠮᠣᠭᠰᠢᠯ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ | ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ 1939 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠬᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ | ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠶᠢᠮᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ 1944 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮᠣᠷ ᠦᠬᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠩ | ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠩᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1945 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠬᠦᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠴᠣ᠋ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠨᠡᠬᠦᠵᠣ | ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯᠳᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠣᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠣᠨ | ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ 1944 — 1945 ᠣᠨ | ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠠ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠣᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ 26 ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠠ ᠬᠦᠯᠣ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠨᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠠᠭᠳᠣᠩᠭᠠ᠂ ᠰᠣᠳᠨᠠᠮᠵᠠᠰᠣ᠂ ᠲᠣᠷᠵᠢᠫᠠᠯᠮᠠ᠂ ᠸᠴᠢᠷ᠂ ᠰᠣᠳᠨᠠᠮᠵᠣᠮᠴᠣᠣ᠂ ᠭᠠᠯᠰᠠᠩ ︵ᠦᠬᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ | ᠶᠢᠨ︶᠂ ᠣᠳᠬᠠᠨ ︵ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠦᠬᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ︶ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ | ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠰᠣ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠣᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠯᠣ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡ 81 ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ᠃ ᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ 63᠂ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ 18 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ 85 ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ᠃ ᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ 58᠂ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ 27 ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠰ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠣᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ | ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠣ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠵᠠᠮᠨᠠᠨ᠂ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠦ | ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠳᠣᠷᠢᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠨᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠣᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠲᠠᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠥᠪᠣᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠣᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠪᠥᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠵᠢᠵᠣ ᠡᠯᠡ | ᠹᠷᠤᠨᠲ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠪᠴᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ 31 ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠳᠡ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠣᠨᠲ᠋ᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠶᠠ᠃ ᠰᠣᠳᠨᠠᠮᠵᠣᠮᠴᠣ᠂ | ᠫᠣᠩᠰᠣᠭᠴᠣᠬᠸᠠ᠂ ᠰᠡᠷᠠᠩᠸᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠪ᠂ ᠯᠾᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠷᠣᠩ᠂ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠩᠠᠣᠶᠢᠷᠣᠪ᠂ ᠫᠡᠷᠠᠩᠯᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠮᠰᠣ᠂ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯ᠂ ᠫᠧᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠂ | ᠪᠠᠳᠦ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠣᠷᠪᠣᠯᠣᠳ᠂ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠡᠳᠡᠮᠣᠷ᠂ ᠲᠠᠸ᠋ᠨ᠂ ᠠᠭᠳᠣᠩᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠳᠠᠷ ᠠᠷᠣ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢ ︽ | ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠰ︾ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮᠳᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠱᠦᠬᠦᠵᠣ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠤᠤ᠃ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ | 18 ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠮᠳᠠᠷᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠶᠠ᠃ | ᠪᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ᠂ 1925 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠯᠣ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠮᠢᠨᠵᠣᠷᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠵᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠰᠣᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ | ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠯᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ | ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 20 ᠨᠠᠰᠣᠳᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠣᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ | ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠳᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠡᠣᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠠ ︽ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠨ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ︾ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠣ | ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠭᠤᠮᠪᠣᠵᠠᠪ ︵1931 — 1981 ᠣᠨ︶ ᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠯᠣ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳᠦ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠴᠢᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠳᠦ ᠰᠣᠩᠳᠣᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠨ1942 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠣᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂1944 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ | ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1950 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠷᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠨ | ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠣ᠂ ᠺᠢᠷᠢᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | ︽ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ︾ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠ ︽ᠥᠪᠣᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠳᠦ | ᠨᠠᠮᠳᠠᠨ︾ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠣᠬᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠬᠠᠨ | ᠨᠠᠰᠣᠳᠠᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠣ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠰᠠᠩᠵᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠪ᠂ ᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠨ᠂ | 1920 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠣᠩᠭᠤᠴᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠣᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ | ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠩ ᠮᠧᠩ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ 1937 | ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠣ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠯᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ | ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠳ᠂ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ᠂ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠯᠨ | ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ᠃ | 1945 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠣᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ | ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ | ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ᠂ ︽ᠥᠪᠣᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠨ︾ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠴᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ | ᠡᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠦᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠰᠣ ᠪᠥᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠰᠠᠮᠳᠠᠨ ︵1922 — 1965 ᠣᠨ︶ 1922 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ | ᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠳᠣᠬᠤᠢ ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠣᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠣᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠬᠦᠯᠡᠩ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠨᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠥᠳᠣᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠰᠴᠣ᠂ 1941 — 1943 ᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠨ 1946 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 2 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1955 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠦ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠯᠰᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | 1946 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠣᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠣᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠪᠡ᠃ 1949 — 1958 ᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠫᠤᠰᠧ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ | ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠺᠠᠳ᠋ᠷ᠂ ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ | ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1958 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ | ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠪᠣᠯᠠᠭ ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ | ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠦᠵᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠷᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ | ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠤᠯᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ 80 | ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠣᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠦ᠂ ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠮᠳᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ | ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠦ᠂ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ | ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠺᠠᠳ᠋ᠷ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠷᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠰᠣ᠋ ᠵᠧᠩ ᠹᠡᠩ᠂ 1941 — 1942 ᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ | ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1943 — 1945 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 8 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 15 ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠠᠯᠳᠦ | ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠧ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠣᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1948 — 1949 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠣᠨᠳᠦ ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1949 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 3 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ 19 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠺᠠᠳ᠋ᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠰᠣᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠫᠤᠰᠧ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1953 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ | 1956 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠫᠤᠰᠧ᠂ ᠪᠣᠣᠴᠠᠩ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠣᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠫᠤᠰᠧ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠤᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1958 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ | ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ | ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1980 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠪᠣᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ | ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠣ ᠣᠴᠢᠭᠠᠳ 1990 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ | ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠳᠬᠦᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠲᠠᠴᠢᠨᠪᠣᠣ᠂ 1923 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠯᠣ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ | ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠣᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠰᠣᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ | ᠃ 1946 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠣᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠯᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠪᠣᠷ | ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠣ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠥᠪᠣᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠳᠦ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ | ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠳᠣᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠱᠲ᠋ᠠᠪᠴᠢ᠂ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠱᠦᠵᠢ᠂ ᠥᠪᠣᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢ | ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | 1960 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠸᠢᠽᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠴᠢᠯᠣᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ 73 ᠣᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠣᠳᠠᠭᠠ | ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠠᠳ᠂ 1955 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠩᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠴᠣᠯᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠣᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷ | ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠲᠠᠰᠢᠴᠢᠷᠢᠨ᠂ 1925 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 7 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠢᠨᠪᠣᠯᠠᠭ | ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠯᠵᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠣᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠰ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠯᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠣᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ | ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠣᠱᠣᠣᠳᠠᠢ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠢᠪᠡ | ᠃ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠦ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ ，ᠲᠡᠷᠨ ᠣᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠮᠤ᠂ | ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠯᠬᠦᠮ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠣᠷ ᠢ | ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠯᠬᠦᠮ᠂ ᠠᠮᠣᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠰᠥᠨᠢᠳ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ᠂ ᠣᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ | ᠭᠡᠯᠳᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠯᠳᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠣᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠮᠴᠦᠭᠰᠦ᠋ᠷᠣᠩ᠂ 1924 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠨᠠᠨᠪᠠᠳᠦ ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ | ᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨᠪᠣᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠣᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠷᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ | ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠯᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠣᠷ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ | ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1949 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ | ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠣᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ︵ᠰᠦᠮᠡ︶ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ | ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ᠂ ᠪᠣᠣᠴᠠᠩ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠣᠯ᠂ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨ | ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ᠂ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠣᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠨ ᠪᠠᠰᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠤᠬᠠ | ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠯᠠᠪᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ︽ᠣᠳᠬᠠ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ | ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ | ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ︾ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠮᠬᠢᠳᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠠᠰᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ | ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠯᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ | ᠲᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠰᠣ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠯᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠳ ︽ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠨ | ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠬᠢᠳᠭᠡᠨ ︽ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠣᠷᠬᠤ︾ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ | ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ︽ᠲᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤ︾ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠦᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1956 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠯᠣᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠬᠢ | ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1982 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠨ ᠪᠠᠰᠨ | ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠰᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠯᠨ᠂ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠰᠣᠷᠴᠣ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ᠂ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠴᠢ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠺᠠᠳ᠋ᠷ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ︽ᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠳᠦ | ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ︾ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠴᠣᠯᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠲᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠴᠣᠯᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠲᠠᠯᠭᠡᠷᠵᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠂ 1928 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 2 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠳᠦ ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠳᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠣᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠣᠪᠡ᠃1942 — | 1944 ᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠬᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ 1945 — 1947 ᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | 1948 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 2 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠪᠣᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠨ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠯᠬᠦᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ | ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ 1953 — | 1961 ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠠ ᠬᠦᠬᠡᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ 1961 | — 1978 ᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠩᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠰᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ | ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠺᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1978 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠭᠡᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠺᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ 1984 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠵᠢᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠂ 1929 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ | ᠡᠷᠤᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠣᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1942 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠯᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠬᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠣᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠷᠨ 1945 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠰᠴᠣ ᠵᠠᠪᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠡᠷ | ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠵᠣ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ 1947 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ | ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠶᠢᠴᠣᠳ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠣ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠮᠣᠨᠡ ᠹᠷᠣᠨᠲ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠬᠦ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠣᠳᠠᠢ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠺᠠᠳ᠋ᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠣᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠶᠢᠴᠣᠳ | ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠨ᠂ 1949 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠪᠣᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠣᠳ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠥᠯᠣᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠣᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠵᠣ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠣᠳ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠶᠢᠴᠣᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠣ᠂ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠶᠢᠴᠣᠳ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠣᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ | ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠨ᠂ ᠹᠸᠣᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠰᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠶᠢᠴᠣᠳ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠣᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠣᠷᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠥᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠣᠨ᠂ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠶᠢᠴᠣᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠᠰ ᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠯ | ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠣᠷᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠠᠷᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠣᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠡᠭᠡ | ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠶᠢᠴᠣᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠨ | ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠣᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠣᠨ ᠱᠠᠳᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠶᠢᠴᠣᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ | ᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠶᠢᠴᠣᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠪᠣᠷᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠨ ᠨᠢ | ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠦ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠴᠢ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠴᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠷᠠᠰᠢᠵᠠᠪ᠂ 1925 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 3 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠯᠣ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠲᠦᠷᠣᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠦᠯᠣ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠣ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ | ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠯᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ︽ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠣᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ︾ ᠰᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ | ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ 1946 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠯᠣᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠳᠦ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠸᠢᠽᠢ | ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ | ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠣᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠳᠣᠭᠴᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠦ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ᠃ | 1954 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠯᠳᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ | ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠣᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠣᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ᠂ | ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ᠂ ᠱᠦᠵᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠱᠦᠵᠢ | ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠥᠪᠣᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ | ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠣ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢᠳᠦ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠱᠦᠵᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃1975 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ | ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠱᠦᠵᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠥᠯᠣᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 1987 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠣᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠸᠴᠢᠷ᠂ 1921 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠣᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠣᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ | ᠲᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠣᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠰᠣᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ | ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠰᠣᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠣ ᠰᠢᠷᠢ ᠡᠯᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | 1944 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠬᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠩ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠬᠠᠨ | ᠡᠩᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠬᠦᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠴᠣ ᠦᠬᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ | ᠲᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠩ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠬᠦᠵᠣ ᠣᠴᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠴᠢᠯᠣᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ 1946 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠸᠴᠢᠷᠰᠦ᠋ᠭᠡ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠰᠣ᠋ ᠶᠦᠩ ᠡᠾᠧ᠂ 1921 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ︵ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠰᠣ ᠰᠣᠮᠤ︶ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠣᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠰᠣᠨ | ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠣᠳ ᠤᠨ | ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠣ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠣᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ | ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠰᠣᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠳᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠰᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ | ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | 1946 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠥᠯᠣᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠪᠣᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ | ᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠣᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠫᠤᠰᠧ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠣᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ | ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠨ ᠪᠣᠣᠴᠠᠩ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠦᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠳ ᠲᠡᠮᠣᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ 1961 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠨ | ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠠᠷᠠᠯᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ | ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠱᠦᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | 1984 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ᠂ | ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠣᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠽᠠᠶᠢᠫᠣᠩᠭᠠ᠂ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠷᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ︵ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠮᠣ︶ | ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠮᠪᠣᠵᠠᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠣᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠨᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠣᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡ᠃ 1946 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠪ | ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠦ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ᠃ ᠣᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠ᠂ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ | ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠫᠤᠰᠧ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠳᠦ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 1956 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠭᠠᠨ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠦᠵᠢ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ | ᠣᠳᠣᠷᠢᠳᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠵᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ | ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 1983 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠣᠶᠣᠨᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ᠌᠂ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠂ 1931 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 2 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠯᠣ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠨᠡᠨᠪᠠᠳᠦ | ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠣᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠣᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠬᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ 1948 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠣᠳᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠣᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠹᠷᠤᠨᠲ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠣ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 1949 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 3 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ | ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ 1950 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠬᠤᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 1952 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃1959 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠣᠯ | ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠣ᠂ 1961 ᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 1963 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠣ᠂ 1978 ᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ | ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1978 — 1989 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠣᠨᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨ | ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠡᠣᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ | ᠬᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠡᠨ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠣᠨᠳᠦ 1985 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠣᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ | ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠱᠦᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠣᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ︵ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠣᠯᠢᠩᠭᠡ︶ 1915 | ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠣᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ | ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠰᠣᠷᠴᠣ᠂ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠰᠴᠠᠢ᠃ | 1944 — 1945 ᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠣᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠴᠢᠯᠣᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ1946 — 1947 ᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 1949 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠨᠠᠰᠣ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠣᠳᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠣᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠨᠠᠨᠪᠠᠳᠦ ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ | ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠨ᠃ ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠬᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠰᠣᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1953 — 1959 ᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠠ | ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠬᠢᠷᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠸ᠋ᠴᠢᠷ᠂ 1914 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠣᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠰᠣᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ | ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ 1936 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠣᠸᠠᠮᠫᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠴᠢᠯᠣᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ | ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ᠂ 1946 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 3 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 1946 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 3 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ 1949 | ᠣᠨ ᠤ 2 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠠ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠳᠦ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ 1949 | ᠣᠨ ᠤ 3 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ10 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠠ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | | | | | |